Subject – Modern: 2yo colt by 2025 retired sire, First Samurai(Giants Causeway) out of Fashionably by War Front. He broke his maiden on debut sprinting 6 furlongs on dirt and went on strong to the front to win. Modern Horse Pedigree
Here again profiles @ Plucky Liege her family of sons upon colt Modern distaff @ Ksheinskaya through 2x Bull Dog & Admiral Drake.
Sire side, second dam of Storm Cat, Crimson Saint has 3rd dam by the great sire Sir Gallahad (FR) 1950 shone his dynamic potency from short nine years as sire!
Modern’s grand-dam Fashionably, 3x Nijinsky @ 5th Generation twice through Rubiano & distaff. Nijinksy shows goldmine genetics all around (they don’t rest) however ‘connect the whys‘ Nijinksy broodmare sire Bull & Flaming Top by Omaha/Gallant Fox Sir Gallahad.
Modern profile as upgraded by 4x5x5 Fappiano ➡️ Fappiano 5×5 Bull Dog – broodmare sire Dr Fager – 3×4 Bull Dog + Spearmint
Furthermore, the question arises: what ultimately determines the phenotype?
The “more the merrier” – Plucky Liege interwoven causes mayhem in upgrading stock. In short, a template pattern shall ‘define’ with cyclic generation build-up behind pedigree. Overall, these inheritances through various descendant individuals raise into a powerful genetic influence.
Spearmint daughter, Plucky Liege,(view link)where all Spearmint sons & daughters appear to a timeless era, the ‘wonder’ genetics. As I was sourcing content material – a Western Horseman ‘Legends’ book had profiled an outstanding three-year-old filly Quarter Horse Breed.
October 1953 – Chicado V set a track and world record for three year olds.
– here resembled a close familiarity to a Spearmint female. The article accounts “not at all impressive looking but had speed to burn and became a great producer”.
Chicado V
– Chicado VChicado V Quarter Horse – her sire Chicaro Bill grandson of Chicle (TB) by Spearmint. Broodmare sire, Eck Davis (TB) male-line descendant Lord Clifden. In a nutshell, they are Martha Lynn strains. (note Chicle (TB) is sire of Mother Goose, 4th dam Northern Dancer, ii) Halo)
Northern Dancer
grandson of Chicle (FR) by Spearmint – Chicaro Bill QH sire of Chicado V.
“its that we have moved the entire breed to a different conformation”
“we’ll breed to anything that produces a fast horse”
“We (the author here is Ellen Parker @ reines-de-course) have seen some very meaningful patterns in the pedigree of horses he (A.B. “Bull’ Hancock) stood at stud and the families he collected over the year. The main line he seemed to fancy was St Simon. Nasrullah was inbred to St Simon, Princequillo was St Simon line. Round Table was inbred to St Simon. The beautiful Le Fabuleux was also St Simon line.” ( ex-reference, http://www.reines-de-course.com – The Hancock Patterns)
St Simon – an original photo
Tesio never liked to give away secrets but he did mention St. Simon was a stallion who changed the conformation of the English racehorse. Tesio believed St. Simon transmitted conformational differences such as a sloping croup and different shape of hocks that gave his descendants athletic advantage. He attributed the difference in physical structure to genes transmitted from St. Simon’s broodmare sire King Tom, son of famous mare Pocahontas (by Glencoe), with noting Glencoe is of the Herod/Byerley Turk male line (credit ref https://www.stallions.com.au/2021/10/18/battle-of-the-sexes/)
Everyday breeders and researchers will look through individual pedigrees not perhaps fully comprehending the modern thoroughbred goes akin to the simple basis of either two and of other in selection, ‘types’.
Many pedigree fans simply fail to draw out the striking opposite patterning and these categorically are the competitive type to the lines of Byerley Turk/St Simon.
The comparisons how the modern breed possibly changed and whilst one cannot accurately judge, one of the unique anatomical traits of the Arabian is that it often has 𝟓 𝐥𝐮𝐦𝐛𝐚𝐫 𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐭𝐞𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐞 𝐢𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐚𝐝 𝐨𝐟 𝟔, and 𝟏𝟕 𝐩𝐚𝐢𝐫𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐫𝐢𝐛𝐬 𝐢𝐧𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐚𝐝 𝐨𝐟 𝟏𝟖, contributing to its compact and strong frame. Simple comparisons follow –
Feature
Arabian
Thoroughbred
Stride length
Shorter
Longer ✅They rely on covering maximum ground per stride rather than rapid turnover
Stride frequency
Higher – they maintain speed without overextending
Lower – Lower stride frequency but longer stride length.
Efficiency
Energy-conserving, endurance
Speed-maximizing, sprint ✅
Best suited for
Endurance racing, uneven terrain
Flat racing, sprint distances
Racing Thoroughbreds (longer back):
Result: longer stride length, ideal for sprinting and flat racing.
Extra vertebrae allow more flexibility and extension.
Longer stride means they cover more ground per step. (*** see below)
It is breeding to Types that has coursed history: ‘certain parallels between England and Arabia to both were for centuries developing and consolidating a certain breed of horse; in Arabia for war, in England for sport’ -The Arab Horse in Europe, E. Schiele
The Byerley Turk foaled about 1680 and is said to have been brought by Captain Byerley, as his share of the booty, taken from the Turkish army before Vienna. He came to England about 1684 and was ridden by Byerley as his charger when he was stationed in Ireland in 1690.
Genes as progenitor of the English Thoroughbred, as so named of three foundational sires, the Byerley Turk today arises as the near extinct male-line to the modern era racehorse breeding.
His TB-o1 signature is a real and scientifically recognized Y-DNA haplogroup; he carries a powerful ancestral story.
The highly acclaimed bloodstock writer Rommy Faversham states ➡️{*The Byerley Turk would go on to sire a number of highly influential daughters, most of whose names do not survive. These include the taproot mare for Bruce Lowe’s female families, #1, #3, #8, #17 & #41. } – (credit excerpt-*Faversham)
Dam of the Two True Blues (ancestral Sunday Silence)
The second Byerley turk mare of the dam of two grey colts by Honeywood’s arabian (also knows as Williams Turk and Sir Charles Turner’s Turk). These grey colts were foaled in 1710 and 1718 and it has lately been the custom to describe their dam as the dam of the two True Blues, the colts having been known as True Blue and Young True Blue respectively.
Between 1710 and 1718 (the exact dates not been give) the dam of the two True Blues foaled two grey fillies to Honeywood’s Arabian, and in turn the elder of these fillies bred two fillies to Bartlett’s Childers, and from her many of the best known race-horses are descended. There is no need to give a full list, but the names of the Flying Dutchman, of Stockwell, Rataplan, and King Tom, of Galopin, Isinglass, and of the famous fillies Memoir (St Simon) and full sister, La Fleche may be mentioned. (excerpts are 1901 The New Book of the Horse).
Reading a pedigree the Byerley Turk blood shall always captivate to his honourable presence. Yet it is the puzzling demise how an outstanding breed has silently coursed an exhaustion: a withering of the vine 1980’s onwards.
(ex-Faversham) We don’t really know the extent to which biodiversity is being forfeited when a sire line dies. It does, however, stand to reason that if one chooses to acknowledge the value in recognizing the spectrum of sire lines, it should in turn, be difficult to believe the breed suffers no meaningful loss when you eradicate one.
Let there be no doubt Byerley Turk Horse & Type, has structural backbone genetic or otherwise.
Milesian by My Babu @ Tb-o1
son of The Tetrarch (male line Thormanby/Herod) – compare the pheno to the Tb-o1 structural as also representive, Polish Arabian, (below).
To contemplate the genetic relationship among those Tb-o1, shall credit a ‘distinctive’ genetic ‘value’ incomparable. His relationship and value as thoroughbred originates from the Turkoman horse (Akhal- Teke). These origins to be spread widely by English Thoroughbred stallion descendants. In presence of clade Tb many European breeds has no documented influence of English Thoroughbred stallions which shall certainly demonstrate the influence of Turkoman stallions, as independent of the English Thoroughbred.
With references @ (** 2022 science publication **) see Fig 1 & Table 1 (cited below) – @ Clade T@ Tb-o1a,b,c, the given type thoroughbred alongside original arabian clades are the given Type to be critically observed. These cited and selected arabian identities (Table 1, pg 12) is to assess what Byerley Turk (Tb-o1b) gets for an ‘elite’ genetic capability.
These two photos below are representee to TB-o1.🏇✅ these are classified as Polish Arabian yet maybe comparable to other sire lines TB-o1, observing Byerley Turk ancestral type.
Kuhailan Afas’s mother – Kuhailat Afas, photo from the book “Under the Bedouin Tents”, 1933
Kuhailan purity is preserved while one may discover exquisite jewels within this heritage, prudence is essential in making acquisition.
Kuhailan Krusch, sired by the esteemed dam Kuhailat Afas, exhibits the quintessential attributes of an ideal horse. She possesses a robust physique, characterized by low-set legs, a long and well-coupled body, and remarkable withers. Her neck is elegantly elongated and noble in appearance, complemented by a refined head that embodies Arabian lineage, featuring large eyes and a delicate-skinned muzzle, albeit with slightly soft pasterns. Her hind legs are of impeccable quality.https://polskiearaby.com/en/breeding/35784-from-the-desert-to-poland-90-years-of-polish-kuhailans-part-1
The significant observations indicate that this distinguished horse @typology possesses qualities that go well beyond foundational storytelling.
The TB-o1 type characterizes a diverse breeding spectrum, which is likewise proportionately reflected to elite pedigrees.
Isinglass – female family 3-m, a Byerley Turk female line. The pedigree has 3×4 Pocahontas. Isinglass is sire line of Blandford.
Twig Moss by Luthier – (influence to Australian champion sire – Fastnet Rock (since dec.) @ distaff)
TB-o1 assigns the arabian Latif 1903. He was an outstanding stallion, excelled for French bred anglo-arabian winners.
⬇️⬇️⬇️
(above) The desert-bred stallion Latif (b. 1903, by Hamdani El Samra) was imported to France in 1909, where he helped shape early 20th-century Arabian breeding with his authentic desert type—dry, balanced, and correct. He sired 38 purebred Arabians and left a lasting legacy through his chestnut son Denouste, the most influential French sire of his era (credit info- FB Arabian Horse Database)
(above) Steel won the Waxy Cup at The Curragh 1817. 4x Herod over 5 generations (Eclipse patri-line)
Bay Malton has 7x Herod (with Herod’s tail-male line) over 5 generations from a Byerley Turk distaff. @Family 35, no Haplotype records.
With reflection to Byerley Turk’s Tourbillon tail-male line – France’s most successful sire line in the mid-century, successful crosses aligned My Babu – Ambiorix – Klairon to Turn To male line where his 3rd dam Sweet Lavender complemented. The investigation into the crossing of the blood of those relatives found disproportional levels of success throughout much of each (and every) strain to worldwide pathways. (Excerpt ref. A relative Matter – Rommy Faversham – Thoroughbred Times 7/12/1996 & Inbreeding to Superior Females)
Ambiorix
By breeding horizon, The Byerley Turk appears abandoned and yet it is to ask how, what or why arose this cause n’ effect circumstance? The Byerley Turk at times appears unusually judged for slow development, problematic surrounding successive sons & sires, stayer or hurdler type and or, not appealing the commercial 2-year-old precocity type for the marketplace, hence, culminates the decline.
Although ignorance persists; it is to scientific enlightenment exactly refining what the elite racehorse has to their brilliant performance.
***– : {Elite racehorses reach peak speed by predominantly increasing stride length rather than stride frequency [15]. Over the last 200 m of any race, horses that can maintain stride length and/or frequency tend to achieve a better finishing position.} {We suggest that aptitude for superior performance is variable for each individual racehorse, relying on unique physiological factors. Furthermore, race-day performance prediction can be equally influenced by intrinsic aspects such as the sex of the horse (colts have a greater chance of winning) and their particular aptitude for race distance where stayers also more likely to win} ✅https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/14/9/1342
The Quest for speed dominance alone has surely made representational over-refinement. The over saturating the blood, a term of the old school breeders with insight for hybrid vigour replacement. The racing thoroughbred population has clearly become disproportionate at expense of T-C geno, where higher proportion of shorter races favor horses with sprint-type C-allele. The Darley Arabian has taken a long expanse evolving dominance @Tb-dM1a (Mambrino / Hambletonian type). (Fig 3 – https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-42640-w
Hambletonian – Original, from an early engraving after the painting by Francis Sartorius.
Whalebone – from the painting by J.F. Herring. The Whalebone mutation around 1800 has the haplotype TB-dW1. This genetic marker is almost fixed in modern English Thoroughbreds, with the paternal lineage of the Darley Arabian (Eclipse’s sire) now representing almost all male Thoroughbreds.
By statement (ref link) : Genetic diversity in the Thoroughbred breed has been reduced in recent decades due to the increased commercialisation of popular stallions providing large genetic contributions to the population.
Retaining high level of genetic variability is the key to robust allelic richness and a moderate heterozygosity supports genetic health of populations – the continual foundation for future breeding.
The #BT trait, its locus indicates a potential breed-specific fixation of the allele. It is the aerobic function (to sustain energy at speed) versus non-aerobic energy production, sprinter.
Genotype
Racing Style
Optimal Distance
Muscle Profile
C:C
Sprinter
≤ 1 mile
Compact, muscular
C:T
Versatile
All distances
Balanced
T:T
Stayer & Endurance
> 1 mile
Lean, stamina-focused
Studies shall highlight how specificequus caballus Arabian genetic regions are containing unique genes vital for energy production, mitochondrial function, and motor control, these contribute to the exercise performance seen in Thoroughbreds with those of Arabian ancestry. {11 chromosomal segments unique to Arabian on ECA2, ECA3, ECA8, ECA12, ECA19 and ECA23. The Arabian (only) have selected regions contain recognizable equine exercise relevant genes inclusive COX4I129,46,47, PPARGC1A47,48 and DMRT349; all three of these genes have been identified within run of homozygosity in several horse breeds50 to indicate that stretch of DNA has been driven toward fixation of centuries of breeding.
Essentially the functions reflect superior oxidative clearance and optimal aerobic power to elite horses. Elite horses handle oxidative stress.
Gene
—
Effect on Mitochondria
Performance Impact in Racehorses
COX4I1 – Central to mitochondrial electron transport and maximal oxygen consumption – fundamental for prolonged, aerobic exercise.
↑ Complex IV assembly; ↑ VO₂ maximum aerobic capacity
+5 % endurance output; faster recovery times ✅
PPARGC1A – Master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty-acid oxidation and Capillary formation in muscle.
Science comes to ‘explain’ racehorse performance centers other phenological traits and are increasingly scrutinized. Individuals with a short-distance-suited genotype were distributed mainly between 1000 & 1800 m.
Using the very last Byerley Turk Sire Line stallion’s left in the world and what it means to the horse racing scene wherever so, can produce the brilliant quality and that particular horse with a different pedigree can flourish unexpectantly. As important are the daughters breeding and, in most instances, the #BT dam lines upon breeding today will display dynamic.
As campaigns go to save the sire, Pearl Secret (by Compton Place #BT), he went exported to Arrow Stud in Japan. https://www.pedigreequery.com/pearl+secret Yuki Shimomura, owner of Okaribe Farm in Hokkaido, hopes to save the sire line of the Byerley Turk by standing Pearl Secret at Arrow Stud.
The scarcity of his bloodline was the catalyst for the acquisition, as stated “He’s been keen on Pearl Secret for some time. Not only was he a classy sprinter, he’s one of the very few horses continuing the Byerley Turk sire line. “I think he’ll prove to be quite an interesting proposition for some Japanese”.
Those who breed desiring G1 performers, the genetic factors towards ancestral are to remain absolute. The Byerley Turk bubbles through the elite pedigree and how can he not when the science asserts his specific genotype as so described.
These below are recent 2025 winners with Byerley Turk/Tourbillon influence (n.b. other Herod lines are not mentioned ie, The Tetrarch, #BT amongst)
🏇2025 G3 winner, Shallow Now (BRZ) blk/br. F, 2020 {f.f. B3} 3rd dam Femme Fatale 3x Tourbillon through Coaraze (Fr) & Locris (Fr) Brazil’s Byerley Turk lines!
🏇Quisisana (FR) b. 5 yo mare – Prix Jean Romanet (Fr-Gr1) 2000m – 4×4 Konigsstuhl (Ger)
🏇2 year old colt Realize Sirius (JPN) – {13-b} – G3 winner, Niigata Nisai Stakes
🏇Australian sire Flying Artie > 2x Better Boy, 4-time Champion Sire in Australia (1965-66, 1970-71, 1971-72 and 1976-77). The Sire of G1 2025 Nunthorpe Stakes Asfoora (Aus). (New Post – where sky is the limit – Skyglider (AUS) by Flying Artie – refers contributions of Better Boy. 2) Well Written (Written Tycoon)
🏇3 wins from 3 starts Elle Sourit (NZ) ch. F, 2021 {5-h} – 4x4x5 Sir Tristram > My Babu + Klarion (Star Way) + Djeddah (Riverman)
🏇Twig Moss(pictured above) to deceased sire Fastnet Rock, sire of the international G1 performer & Australian based mare Via Sistina (Ire) at age 7 winning 2025 ATC Queen Elizabeth Stakes G1 2000m for 24 starts & 13 wins. Additionally noting her grand-dam is by Indian Ridge #BT.
Auguste Rodin (Deep Impact) champion 3yo in GB & Ireland. G1 winner at 2, 3, 4 years 7 – 12 furlongs. Female Family 3-d, the Byerley Turk foundation.
Additional Notes
Observing Byerley as of the Turk breeds – has both lean body mass and or musculature type. It needs pointing out that the Turks are of ‘type’ several, noting there appears 3 Haplotype clades @Tb-o1 > (a, b,✅& c) separate & distinct from Godolphin Arabian (TB-03Bb) and Darley Arabian (Tb-d). (cited – Y Chromosomal Insights etc, below…).
Problematic – blue print thoroughbred types. Clearly, they are not viz. Whalebone as pictured above.
The execution is to appreciate that necessary aerobic & essential circadian, mitochondrial functions are implicated by T/C geno.
Without what diversity remains, rare variants go lost and what places perfection is the overall balance, the distribution of all 3 contributors crossed. It is discussed to Bluebood article: Herod’s vanishing sire line by Rommy Faversham
Our TBL evaluation has cross-referenced numerous science publications & the most significant are cited below.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-42640-w Figure 2, The third founder, Byerley Turk, born in 1680, was newly characterised by an allelic variation of the tetranucleotide microsatellite fBVB (GATA14/GATA15; Supplementary Table S8) that defines the Tb-oB1 clade + (Figure 3)
Bluebloods 2021 – Issue 4, hard-copy publication: Herod’s vanishing sire line by Rommy Faversham. (excellent article with graphed siring lines through Europe, Australasia and USA (Diomed/Glencoe/Hanover – demonstrates relationships dovetailing)
here come, international bloodlines, ‘type untouchable’ – 3yo filly Going Global (IRE).
Going Global – a multiple G3 & G1 winner Del Mar Oaks (US) – 10 starts for 6 wins racing in Ireland and U.S.
In-breeding is not the case here. An outcross pedigree, classic quality detail is evident for any to reflect correct disciplines of pedigree & breeding analysis.
Her sire Mehmas (IRE) the leading first crop sire in Europe from Wrood (US) a mare by broodmare sire Invasor (ARG) by Candy Stripes, his dam lines are Argentine bloodlines supreme. (take note: forthcoming a hefty topic ….. Argentine and Brazil bloodlines, their branches stem from greatest inheritances ever, so stay tuned!)
I view inbreeding or even linebreeding is not always sum total breeding; modern lines ‘guess-work’. However to observe increasingly, the wider opening of true international cross, the vital higher hybrid is indispensable. I’m gonna say … employing from much wider international branches from era’s ‘inexhaustible’ elite, truest genetic material is essential.
Jump through the multiple lines and size dominant potent factor(s) contribution, what sharpen to upgrade pedigree and particularly to dam’s predecessors the classic building influences.
Anywhere, anytime….I’ve long been the biggest fan of Kris (Sharpen Up) (3rd dam sire). Kris the unbeaten 2yo 2-time Champion European Miler: 1979, 1980. Strip back and find the melding, bountiful genes what echo respectfully any better? A breeder cannot deny those throw-backs akin, Papyrus 6dx6d or Blandford 6dx6Dx8D, Hurry On 7sx7D and inheritance to the modern era stallions to his ie I am Invincible (AUS)(AUS), Kingman (GB), Territories (IRE) & Charm Spirit (IRE), Wrote (IRE) down under (N.Z) equal
– yet the genetic proto-type sits further deep, the invincible, invisible non-classified trait. This our TBL discovery to female family 5i . Hoist the Flag 6sx7D (Machiavellian & Invasor (ARG) + Kris/Sharpen Up trait female family 5i. I believe it is their cross co-contribution which sources the success to this filly’s outcrossing; to satisfy not only speed, but tempo and gait superior efficiency. It is generic combo- concentration instead of solely applying inbreeding 2x Kris as has been to siblings from dam Wrood. notice & review, Mitbaahy (Profitable) & Finans Bay (Kodiac)
It is an exciting pedigree and joy to understand key classic contributors that keep on marching from distance. They are as below….
It’s often critiqued their order, classical blood, are just too far back for influence. Really? It is a scientific view, mutation are averaged to 11.6 generations, then also are the markers to haplotype.
Haplotype mapping may be setting the way to re-working sire and dam compatibility yet noticing relevant sweet spots of dam lines to each parent distaff displays a powerful dynamic beyond itself. Such is the case Sir Gaylord (Mehmas distaff) the daughter Gay France & dam Wrood 5th dam Habitee (Habitat/Sir Gaylord). There are 5 Sir Gaylord strains collective, additionally Sir Ivor, (Green Desert, Shareef Dancer), Society Column (n.b. Invasor distaff)
